Double Marker Test: Purpose, Procedure, and Importance

The Double Marker Test is a prenatal screening test used to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in a developing baby. It is typically performed during the first trimester of pregnancy and helps detect conditions such as Down syndrome, Edward's syndrome, and Patau syndrome. This test is usually recommended for women who are over 35 years old or have a family history of genetic disorders.

What is the Double Marker Test?

The Double Marker Test is a blood test that measures two important markers:

• Free Beta hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin): High levels may indicate chromosomal abnormalities.

• PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A): Low levels may suggest an increased risk of genetic disorders.

The test is often combined with an NT (Nuchal Translucency) scan, an ultrasound that measures the thickness of the baby's neck fold to enhance accuracy.

Why is the Double Marker Test Important?

The Double Marker Test is essential for:

• Identifying the risk of chromosomal abnormalities early in pregnancy.

• Helping doctors recommend further diagnostic tests if needed.

• Providing parents with crucial information for informed decision-making.

• Ensuring better pregnancy management and care.

Who Should Get a Double Marker Test?

Doctors recommend this test for:

• Women above 35 years of age.

• Those with a family history of genetic disorders.

• Pregnant women with abnormal ultrasound findings.

• Individuals with a history of previous pregnancy complications.

How is the Double Marker Test Done?

The Double Marker Test involves:

1. A blood sample is drawn from the mother.

2. The sample is analyzed in a laboratory.

3. Results are usually available within 3 to 5 days.

This test is safe, non-invasive, and does not pose any risk to the mother or baby.

Understanding Double Marker Test Results

Interpretation of Results:

• Screen Negative (Low Risk): Indicates a lower chance of chromosomal abnormalities.

• Screen Positive (High Risk): Suggests a higher risk, requiring further tests like the Triple Marker Test, Quadruple Marker Test, or Amniocentesis.

Results are usually reported as a risk ratio (e.g., 1 in 1000 means a lower risk, whereas 1 in 50 suggests a higher risk requiring further evaluation).

Cost of Double Marker Test in India

The cost of a Double Marker Test in India varies depending on the healthcare facility. On average, it ranges from ₹1,500 to ₹3,500.

Conclusion

The Double Marker Test is an essential prenatal screening tool for detecting chromosomal abnormalities in early pregnancy. While it does not provide a definitive diagnosis, it helps in identifying high-risk pregnancies that may require further testing. If your doctor recommends this test, it is important to undergo it as part of routine prenatal care.